ТЕМА 4. Education in Russia
Task 1 Read and memorize the active vocabulary to the Texts below, translate the given sentences in written form.
1. Citizen – гражданин, e.g. We are citizens of Russia.
2. Right to education – право на образование,e.g. citizens of our country have the right to education.
3. Duty – обязанность, e/g/ Students have not only rights but duties too.
4. Get secondary education – получить среднее образование, Pupils of our country must get secondary education.
5. Academic subject – общеобразовательный предмет, e.g. Literature, Mathematics, Russian and others are academic subjects.
6. Continue one’s education – продолжить образование, e.g. After finishing a school pupils can continue their education where they dream.
7. College – техникум, училище, ПТУ, e.g. At vocational schools students study academic subjects. At technical schools students study not only academic but special subjects too.
8. Receive a profession – получить профессию, You can receive a profession both at vocational and technical schools.
9. General knowledge – общие знания, e.g. A college gives general knowledge in academic subjects.
10. Profound knowledge – углубленные знания, e.g. at a technical school you can get a profound knowledge in several subjects.
11. Enter – поступать, e.g. She wants to enter the Pedagogical University.
12. Train a specialist (in smth) – подготовить специалиста (в определенной области), e.g. Universities train specialists in different fields.
13. Evening department – вечернее отделение, e.g. My brother studies at an evening department.
14. Extramural department – заочное отделение, e.g. It’s very difficult to work and study at an extramural department at the same time.
15. Without leaving one’s job – одновременно работая, e.g. Each student has an opportunity to study without leaving his job.
16. Graduate courses – аспирантура, e.g. After graduating from the University you may study at graduate courses.
17. Candidate or doctoral degree – степень кандидата или доктора наук, get a scholarship – получать стипендию, Most students get scholarship.
18. Well-trained – хорошо обученный, e.g. Not all students become well-trained teachers.
19. Generation – поколение, Young generation is fond of computers.
20. Necessity – необходимость, неизбежность, Pupils understand the necessity to study well.
21. Experience – опыт, e.g. It’s very important for each student to get practical experience of work.
Translate into English using the Vocabulary Notes.( in written form)
1. Право на образование в России гарантируется конституцией. 2. В средней школе ученики изучают общеобразовательные предметы. 3. После окончания 9 класса средней школы молодые люди могут пойти в техникум или ПТУ. 4. Там они изучают общеобразовательные предметы и получают специальное образование. 5. Молодые люди могут продолжить образование в 10 и 11 классе или колледже и получить углубленные знания по одному или нескольким предметам. 6. Молодые люди, поступившие в университет, учатся там 5 лет. 7. Студенты вечернего и заочного отделений могут получить образование, одновременно работая. 8. Начальное и среднее образование бесплатно в большинстве школ.
Complete the sentences.
1.All people in Russia have … .2. After finishing 9 forms of a secondary school … . 3. Young people can start … .4. Universities train … .5. Graduate courses give … .
Task 2 Read text “Education in Russia”, answer the questions in written form:
1. What does the phrase “the right to education” mean?
2. Why is education a duty too?
3. What subjects do pupils study at school?
4. What can young people do after finishing the 9th form?
5. What subjects do young people study at technical schools and at colleges?
6. What can pupils do after finishing the 11th form?
7. What departments are there at universities and colleges?
8. Do children and young people have to pay for education in Russia?
Look through Text and break it up into several parts. Give a title to each part of the text.
Every citizen of our country has the right to education. This right is guaranteed by the constitution. It is not only a right but a duty too. Every boy or girl must get secondary education. They go to school at the age of six or seven and must stay there until they are 14 – 17 years old. At school pupils study academic subjects such as Russian, Literature, Mathematics, History, Biology, a foreign language and others.
After finishing 9 forms of a secondary school young people can continue their education in the 10th and the 11th form. They can also go to a technical school, college, where they study academic subjects and receive a profession. A college gives general knowledge in academic subjects and a profound knowledge in one or several subjects.
AFTER FINISHING A SECONDARY, VOCATIONAL, TECHNICAL SCHOOL OR COLLEGE, YOUNG PEOPLE CAN START WORKING OR ENTER A UNIVERSITY. Universities train specialists in different fields. A course at a university usually takes 5 years. Many universities have evening and extramural departments.
They give their students an opportunity without leaving their jobs. Universities usually have graduate courses which give candidate or doctoral degrees.
Education in Russia is free at most schools. There are some private primary and secondary schools where pupils have to pay for their studies. Students of universities get scholarships. At many universities there are also departments where students have to pay for their education.
Task 3 Read and translate the text.
Find the main idea of the text.
Provide the details concerning Russian private schools.
Give the summary of the text.
Private Schools in Russia
In the Soviet Union most schools were state schools. Only very few children or the most talented ones could choose a school to go to. Most children were schoolchildren of local schools.
Now in Russia most kids still go to their local schools. But at the same time there is a choice of private schools and kindergartens. According to officials, Moscow has nearly one half of the private schools of the country.
According to the same officials, most of the private schools offer more courses and activities than state schools. They include foreign languages, training, horse riding and door-to-door transport. An important thing is individual attention. Now all people, however, share this opinion.
In 1996, there were 135,000 children to 6,800 teachers in the private schools of Moscow. At the same time in the state sector the classes are large and there is a shortage of teachers. But the tuition fees in private schools are very high. As a result most of the expensive private schools do not have enough pupils, and they cannot choose students on the basis of their knowledge and abilities.
One of the most important problems for Russian private schools is to find the right kind of teachers. Even the most qualified ones have sometimes troubles with the new approach to teaching. Very often a teacher must work with less than 10 pupils and must deal with each of them personally. Sometimes even the most qualified teachers cannot create the right relationship between a pupil, a parent and a teacher – a relationship where understanding must replace the barked command.
Study the list of qualities a good school teacher should possess. Write them in order of importance.
A good school teacher
a. Has a lot of new ideas;
b. Encourages the children to learn happily;
c. Keeps in contact with parents of her or his pupils;
d. Works hard to be up0todate in the subject;
e. Sets high standards;
f. Has a lot of patience and energy;
g. Is able to maintain discipline and order;
h. is friendly and helpful to the colleagues;
i. is kind;
j. openly admits her or his mistakes;
k. uses a lot of different materials, equipment and teaching methods to make the lessons interesting.